Ask Before You Listen
Before someone tells you about a colleague, the Chafetz Chaim gives you one question to ask first.
2 minute readSomeone starts telling you something negative about a colleague. If you have no plan to believe it, is there anything wrong with just listening?
The Chafetz Chaim rules that even listening to lashon hara (negative talk about someone) is forbidden by the Torah, even with no plan to believe it. If it truly matters to you going forward, for example you were about to go into business with that person, you may listen in order to protect yourself, as long as you only stay careful and do not believe it. His practical advice: ask at the start what the story is for. If it serves no purpose, or it is only abuse born of hatred, you may not even listen. In Shmirat HaLashon he adds that people stop gossiping around someone known not to listen.
Read it in his wordsThe Chafetz Chaim in Hebrew, with our English
Before you hear it, ask what it is for
It starts with two light taps on the doorframe, the knock of someone already halfway in. "Got a second? It's about Eitan." You have met Eitan twice, both times at the printer, which he understands better than anyone in the building. You have a second.
The Chafetz Chaim rules that even listening is forbidden, even with no plan to believe a word (6:2). Then he gives you one sentence for the start: is this something that matters to me going forward, or something I could fix by taking it up with him (6:3)? If yes, you may listen, to be careful, not to believe. If not, or if it is only abuse born of hatred, you may not even listen. A listener, he adds in a note, is what keeps the speaker coming back.
It will feel a little rude, the way asking for an agenda is rude: briefly, and only to people who did not have one. Maybe the story really is something you need, and the question will bring that out in one sentence. More often the answer is "No, I just thought you'd want to know," which is an answer. Your colleague says it can wait. Possibly it can.
The next time someone starts with "You should know something about...", ask first: "Is this something I need to know going forward?"
Ask yourself, or your study partnerWhen someone wants to tell me about a person, do I ask what it is for, or do I lean in?
Go deeperMore of his words, and every source
If the answer is yes, or no
In a note on this paragraph he explains what is at stake: a person who listens, even without believing, encourages the speaker, who will keep coming back once he sees he has an audience. If you answered, "I do not want to hear about something I did not see myself," or at least showed him a displeased face, he would hold back next time, seeing that it only earns him a name as a gossip.
And sometimes, he adds (6:4), it is a mitzvah to listen: when hearing the whole story would let you show the speaker or the others that it is not so, or when hearing out someone's complaint will calm him so that he does not tell it to others. Even then, be careful; do not believe it.
Known as someone who does not listen
He opens the paragraph with what the listener himself stands to lose. Gossip happens even in shul (synagogue), during Kaddish, the repetition of the Amidah and the Torah reading, and a person who gives it an ear loses the "Amen"s and the learning of those moments. Whoever guards himself from accepting it, he writes, keeps his Torah and mitzvot whole.
Sources
- Chafetz Chaim, Lashon Hara 6:2: even listening is forbidden.
- Chafetz Chaim, Lashon Hara 6:3: ask what it is for.
- Chafetz Chaim, Lashon Hara 6:4: when listening is a mitzvah.
- Shmirat HaLashon, Gate of Remembering 12:5: known as someone who does not listen.
- Shemot 23:1: "Do not carry a false report."